Africa’s role in global climate discussions recently got a boost, with conversations between the African Union (AU) and Russia signaling a new phase of collaboration.
Mr. Ali Daoud Mohamed, Chair of the African Group of Negotiators on Climate Change and Special Climate Envoy of the President of Kenya, recently led high-level discussions in Moscow, meeting with key Russian officials, including Mr. Ruslan Edelgeriyev, the Russian Presidential Representative on Climate Issues, and Mr. Alexander Novak, Deputy Prime Minister of Russia. The talks centred on bridging the gap between African climate priorities and global climate action mechanisms.
Climate Justice Takes Centre Stage
A significant point of discussion was the historical responsibility of Western nations for climate change and how Africa, despite contributing only 3% of global emissions, is being asked to make disproportionately ambitious commitments.
Mohamed stressed that many current global policies favor industrialized nations while unfairly restricting Africa’s right to develop using its natural resources.
“It is noteworthy that Africa’s historical contribution to greenhouse gas emissions is minimal. Yet, we face mounting pressure to set ambitious targets while being denied the fair use of our resources. A truly equitable approach should ensure development opportunities for all,” he said.
Russia and Africa Push Back Against Climate Trade Barriers
Another crucial topic was the impact of climate-related trade policies, particularly the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).
The mechanism, which imposes additional costs on carbon-intensive imports, is seen by many African leaders as a form of economic discrimination against developing nations.
“This policy places an unfair burden on African exporters while allowing high-emission countries to maintain their advantage,” Mohamed stated.
Russia, which has also been critical of the CBAM, expressed alignment with Africa in resisting such trade barriers.
Mr. Andrey Melnichenko, Chair of the Committee on Climate Policy of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP), reinforced the need for joint action, stating that Africa’s 1.4 billion people, combined with Russia’s diplomatic and technological resources, could form a powerful force for fairer climate policies.
A Shift Towards Science-Driven Climate Action
A key takeaway from the visit was the potential for scientific and technological collaboration between Africa and Russia in climate monitoring and emissions tracking.
Russia presented findings from its National Climate Monitoring System, which suggest that its ecosystems absorb twice as much CO₂ as previously estimated.
Africa expressed interest in developing reliable carbon data systems to help strengthen its position in global negotiations.
“Accurate data on emissions and removals will be crucial in shaping Africa’s climate policies and ensuring fair climate finance allocations,” Mohamed noted.
Next Steps: A Joint Climate Action Plan
Following the discussions, both sides agreed to develop a joint work plan that will include collaboration between African and Russian businesses, technology transfers, and a fairer approach to carbon markets.
Russia emphasised the coexistence of renewable and conventional energy sources, rejecting calls to eliminate fossil fuel investments.
This aligns with Africa’s energy strategy, where a balanced transition to green energy remains crucial to economic growth.
A New Strategic Alliance?
The AU’s engagement with Russia on climate matters comes when African nations seek to diversify their international partnerships beyond traditional Western allies. As the global climate landscape evolves, this partnership could redefine Africa’s role in climate diplomacy and set a precedent for future collaborations that prioritize fairness, economic development, and sustainability.
With Africa’s voice growing louder on the global stage, the continent is making it clear: Climate action must be just, inclusive, and reflective of Africa’s right to development.