Potentially dangerous and record-shattering heat wave is expected across Europe from Wednesday, June 26, 2019 amid concern by experts.
Temperatures are expected to climb above 40C in the hottest parts of France, Germany, Spain and Italy from Wednesday as hot winds from the Sahara blow in across the continent.
In Germany, temperatures above 40C are possible in some places on Wednesday, topping the country’s previous June record of 38.2C, set back in 1947.
The country’s emergency services urged the public to look out for young children, the elderly and people with compromised immune systems, who are at particular risk in high temperatures.
In Paris, charities patrolled the streets to provide homeless people with water, while local authorities set up air-conditioned rooms where the public could seek shelter from the heat.
In Spain, the AEMET weather service predicted temperatures could reach as high as 42C by Thursday and also warned there was an “extreme risk” of forest fires. The Spanish TV meteorologist Silvia Laplana said: “Hell is coming.”
Stefan Rahmstorf, co-chair of Earth System Analysis at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) and Professor at Potsdam University, Germany, said: “Weather data show that heat waves and other weather extremes are on the rise in recent decades. The hottest summers in Europe since the year 1500 AD all occurred since the last turn of the century: 2018, 2010, 2003, 2016, 2002. Monthly heat records all over the globe occur five times as often today as they would in a stable climate. This increase in heat extremes is just as predicted by climate science as a consequence of global warming caused by the increasing greenhouse gases from burning coal, oil and gas.”
Dim Coumou, IVM, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and PIK: “On top of this worrying trend, the atmospheric circulation is also changing. Data analysis shows that the normally eastward travelling summer circulation of the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes has slowed down, including the jet stream. This favours the build-up of hot and dry conditions over the continent, sometimes turning a few sunny days into dangerous heat waves.
“We melt sea ice in the Arctic which contributes to the disproportionally strong warming in the northernmost regions of our planet, which in turn can disturb the natural jet stream patterns. A strong atmospheric planetary wave with wave number 7 has likely played an important part in the current heat extreme. This was shown to be the case in the extreme weather events of last summer as well.”
Stefan Rahmstorf adds: “While in Europe we worry about reaching 40 °Celsius this week, India has seen temperature records above 50°Celsius recently. Heat waves can heavily impact societies by leading to additional deaths in vulnerable groups such as old people and children, and the combination of hot and dry conditions can lead to water shortages and harvest failures. Only rapidly reducing fossil fuel use and hence CO2 emissions can prevent a disastrous further increase of weather extremes linked to global heating.”
