Mobil Producing Nigeria (MPN), the Nigerian unit of ExxonMobil, has recorded yet another oil spill in its operation in Ibeno Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The spill occurred Sunday 29th June, 2014 which the community estimates it at over 15,000 barrels discharged to the Atlantic coastline.
The spill, according to community source, was first noticed by fishermen who went for fishing that night. Peace Point Action, a member organisation of National Coalition on Gas Flaring and Oil spills in the Niger Delta (NACGOND), reports from the scene that the spill is traced to Exxon Mobil equipment failure behind the QIT Terminal, which impacted negatively on the coastline, creating untold hardship to the community members who depend solely on the sea for their sustenance.
Koko-Mime, a fish seller who also serves as Women Leader, Inua Eyen Ikot, said, “The spill has broken down our business as customers do not even care to come for fish this morning as they used to buy every day since they know that the spill killed all the fishes in the sea, the fishermen will not bring fish for us to dry and sell. Feeding our children is now a problem.”
“Fishermen reported to us this morning at about 4 am that they discovered large quantity of oil floating all over the sea as they were fishing and their nets pinched by the tick volume of oil,” said Inyang Atabop,Vice Chairman, Ibeno President Forum, who also serve as youth President, Esuk Ikim Ekeme Community.
According to him, there are pending oil spill compensations yet to be paid to the community by Exxon Mobil, lamenting that now another one has occurred. “Who will fight for us as Mobil now came up with new English called ‘Palliative’ which the community youths do not know the meaning?” he demanded.
He called on relevant bodies like National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency (NOSDRA), Federal Ministry of Environment and the State Ministry of Environment to come to their aid by compelling Exxon Mobil to pay compensation to the community members as compensation usually follows whenever oil spills occurs. He said that, as youth leaders, it’s their responsibility to ensure orderliness within the community especially at this critical period but Mobil should not use this as an opportunity to work against them.
Another youth in the community who simply gave her name as Glory said, “God will not allow Mobil to force our youths into militancy before they listen to us.” She decried the frequent oil spills occurrences in the community.
One John David, who attended Joint Investigation Visit (JIV) training organised by NACGOND, said, “In all the reported oil spills in Ibeno and other oil producing LGAs in the state, Mobil never carried out a JIV, all what they do is to employ community youths and pay them N5,000 each to clean up the mess.” He traced the source of the spill to a damaged Exxon Mobil tank just behind the firm’s office at QIT. According to him, some law enforcement officers visited the community this morning (29th June, 2014) and “pleaded to us to remain calm.”
John also said the youths earlier contacted Paul Orinze, Exxon Mobil Manager, via mobile phone who acknowledged the situation and also promised that Mobil would forward acceptance letter to the Local Government Chairman soonest.
Godwin Ikot, Youth Leader of Okom Ita Community, told Peace Point Action reporter: “Our fishermen are left with no other alternative as they cannot fish under this condition.”
“Let Mobil tell us what to do now that we don’t have what to feed on, our land is polluted, all the fishes killed,” Mrs. Eka said.
However, there were large deposits of crude oil found on the sea surface and shoreline as well as dead fishes killed as a result of the spill.
Eno-Obong Enyine, a fisherman, said, “The fishes I came back with were all dead as the oil soaked my fishing net, and I had no fish to go home with.” He complained that Mobil uses helicopter to spray a chemical that easily mixes the spilled oil with water which, according to him, is harmful to human being. He pleaded with government to bring relief materials to the affected community members.
The situation took a new dimension on Monday, 30th July, 2014 as the community youths took to the street on a peaceful demonstration, demanding compensation from Mobil. All roads leading to Mobil facilities at QIT were blocked between 8am and 5pm when the angry youths dispersed to watch the Nigeria vs France World Cup match. They promised to reconvene the next day until they achieve their demand.
Peace Point Action urges Mobil to commence immediate environmental cleanup in affected communities and also pay full compensation to the community members in all the spills recorded within the area so far. Additionally, the group asked NOSDRA and the State Ministry of Environment to ensure that Mobil complies with oil spill regulations and safety standards in its operations in the state.
Eleven government-owned hospitals in different parts of the country have benefitted from medical equipment donated for treatment of sickle cell disorder by the Olusegun Obasanjo Foundation.
President of the Foundation and former President of Nigeria, Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, made the donation during the 2nd World Sickle Cell Day held recently in Lagos.
Obasanjo
Obasanjo said Nigeria, with a high prevalence rate of 24%, which accounts for 40 million Nigerians, an urgent health intervention was needed to enable poor families with sickle cell children access treatment.
According to him, in developed countries, people with sickle cell disorder live normal lives because they have access to the right treatment and this results in increased life expectancy of sickle cell patients.
Obasanjo pointed out that the Olusegun Obasanjo Foundation was focused on five key areas need for human security which are Health, Girl-Child Initiative, Agriculture, Leadership, and Youth Employment & Empowerment Initiative. He added that non-communicable disease which sickle cell is one of them is the next phase of health burden that requires global attention.
Chairman of the Sickle Cell Foundation of Nigeria, Professor Olu Akinyanju, highlighted that over 150,000 children are born every year with sickle cell disorder in the country and that this is the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. He expressed optimism that access to affordable treatment would reduce crisis experienced by children in the early phase of their lives.
Akinyanju said stem plant transplant that helps in changing the genotype of sickle cell patients with SS costs N5 million and this he described as expensive for the poor to afford.
He said, “Sickle cell disorder is a multi-system disorder that affects other organs in the body. There is occurrence of stroke in patients with sickle cell anaemic with a high reoccurrence rate of 10% in children within the ages of 2-16. This stroke can lead to partial or complete paralysis of the limbs, difficulty in speaking and decreased brain function, amongst others.
Adebisi
A sickle cell carrier and a UK-based Nigeria who plays professional rugby in the UK, Ade Adebisi, urged parents to be the building block of support for their children with sickle cell disorder because, according to him, most times people give up on their children when diagnosed with the disorder.
“In the UK, I was able to access the right treatment and there was no stigmatisation. This built my resilience to survive over the years and I never gave up on my dream to play professional rugby. Also eating the right diet helps a sickle cell patient live well and enjoy a normal life,” he said.
Vice-Chairman of the Foundation in the UK and a Nigerian, Mrs Anne Welsh, who is also a sickle cell patient, said most people living with sickle cell shy away and are afraid to socialise due to the level of stigmatisation in the society.
“Nigeria, with a large population of about 200 million people, needs to be in the forefront for treatment for sickle cell patients. I believe with the needed support in the health sector, medical practitioners in the country are in a better position to offer treatment because they understand the plight of people with the sickle cell disorder more than practitioners in the West, where sickle cell disorder is a rare occurrence,” she stated.
A group of 11 award-winning experts working across Africa has appealed to governments of the African Union to develop ecological organic agriculture on the continent. The laureates of the Right Livelihood Award, often referred to as the “Alternative Nobel Prize”, who met recently in Cairo in Egypt, signed a joint appeal calling on the African Union Commission and its NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA), to implement their roadmap for Ecological Organic Agriculture in Africa.
With regard to the latest findings of the 2014 IPCC report and to the “grave consequences for food security in Africa,” they also called on governments to implement the Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and Food Security and invest 10 per cent of national budgets into ecological organic agriculture, including research and development, job creation and rural development. The UN has declared 2014 as the International Year of Family Farming.
“We are worried that international corporations are working with the government to cultivate large areas of land for agribusiness. The threat is already at our door”, said Nomewende Joël Ouedraogo of the Fédération Naam in Burkina Faso.
Signatories to the appeal are recipients of the Right Livelihood Award working across Africa: renowned Nigerian environmentalist, Nnimmo Bassey; President of the Chadian Association for the Promotion and Defense of Human Rights, Jacqueline Moudeina; representative of the First People of the Kalahari, Jumanda Gakelebone; Executive Director of Federation Naam in Burkina Faso, Joel Ouedraogo; Dr Ibrahim Abouleish, founder of the biodynamic farm SEKEM in Egypt; Helmy Abouleish, SEKEM’s Managing Director; Hans R. Herren, agronomist and entomologist from Switzerland; Matron Sr. Tenadam Bekele Wolde, representative of Dr. Catherine Hamlin’s Fistula Hospital in Ethiopia; MOSOP President Legborsi Pyagbara from Nigeria; Guillaume Harushimana from Centre Jeunes Kamenge in Burundi; and environmental activist, René Ngongo from the DRC.
Conservationists have underlined the need to take practical action aimed at curbing sea level rise and save the environment.
At a recent gathering (the 2014 Fauna and Flora Fancy Dress Competitions) in Lagos to observe the World Environment Day, they underscored the importance of joining the Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF) and other groups’ effort on climate change enlightenment campaign aimed at sensitising Nigerians, particularly women and children, who are the most vulnerable groups to climate change and its attendant impact.
Pupils displaying during the Flora and Fauna celebration.
The WED 2014 has “Raise your voice, not the sea level” as its theme, which aimed at encouraging global awareness and action for the environment and curbing attitudes that will increase the sea level.
A conservationists, Desmond Majekodunmi, said that the low-lying nature of much of the coastal parts of Nigeria due to its natural geological setting constitutes a natural threat to the environment. Generally, rising to less than five metres above sea level, these coastal regions are prone to flooding even with minimal rise in sea level.
“Nigeria lies in the middle latitudes in the Gulf of Guinea. It is therefore characterised by generally high and strong wave systems which have more destructive impacts on the shoreline and constantly causing shoreline erosion. So, we must not add to the problem through our action hence, the need to create awareness on danger of rising sea level.”
Executive Director of the NCF, Alade Adeleke, stressed the need to develop strategic plans which emphasise the importance, not only of recognising children as key stakeholders in the policy-making process, but also of promoting environmental education for sustainable development as a means of enabling future leaders to find innovative solutions to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change and environmental degradation in their communities.
L-R: Acting Executive Director, Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF), Alade Adeleke; NCF Council Members, Desmond Majekodunmi; and Chairman of NCF’s Scientific Committee, Prince Adegoke Ademiluyi, at the Lekki Conservation Centre, Lagos.
Adeleke added that, in the light of the serious challenges of rising sea level being faced by coastal cities, it is obvious that man needs to begin to evaluate his lifestyle, become more conscious of the impact of the waste being disposed, rethink his options and stop contributing to the rise in sea level.
In their presentations with different costumes to depict the theme, the children urged urged their audience to save the earth by engaging in acts that do not have negative impact the environment.
The participating students in different age categories competed in fauna and flora dress competitions to create awareness on reducing the sea level. The presentations were centered on the need to take corrective measures right from homes through proper waste disposal and clearing of drainages.
Chairman of NCF’s scientific committee, Prince Adegoke Ademiluyi, said. “I am particularly delighted with the impact this effort has been creating over the years, part of which is the replication of the idea by most environmental NGOs in Nigeria.”
He enjoined Nigerians especially the youth to help spread the gospel of conservation by joining the school conservation programme established by NCF.
While seeking further support of the corporate world on funding environmental initiatives, he added that the progress made thus far by the Foundation has been through the contributions of corporate organisations, groups and individuals. “Over the years we have worked with governments and its agencies to formulate policies which ensured that degradation and other issues that are inimical to the environment are addressed. Yes, the challenges are multifarious and we realise that we cannot do it alone. It is for this reason that I urge everyone who reaps benefits from Nigerian natural resources to join hands with us to conserve them.”
The Environmental Rights Action/Friends of the Earth Nigeria (ERA/FoEN) and a coalition of non-governmental organisations on the platform of the Europe-Third World Centre (CETIM) and Friends of the Earth International want the United Nations Human Rights Council to initiate uniform binding mechanism that will involve preventive measures covering environmental and human rights abuses to compel Shell and other transnational oil companies to take responsibility for their human rights violations.
In a catalogue of violations with Shell’s footprints in the Niger Delta, the group drew the attention of the Council to the limitation of international and local advocacies as well as national regulatory agencies to compel Shell to respect human rights in the Niger delta.
The petition, submitted by ERA/FoEN Executive Director, Godwin Uyi Ojo, at the 26thsession of the Council, reads: “Shell refuses to respect the regulatory agencies, national governments and the laws of the land, making it look as if the regulated have become the regulator. This level of impunity demonstrates the dire need for an international mechanism to hold companies to account uniformly rather than allowing for voluntary company mechanisms that are subject to manipulation and are not legally binding.
“A global treaty to hold corporations accountable will bring to an end environmental racism being perpetrated by Shell in adherence to international standards in Europe while lowering standards in Nigeria and in less developed countries. Since the political and economic power of corporations challenge national governments as is the case in Nigeria, legally binding global instrument is necessary to check undue corporate influence.”
The groups challenged the status quo which it described as “ineffective manipulative compensation regime”, insisting that prior and informed consent must be a condition to negotiate with the communities.
Issues addressed in the petition include oil pollution, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report, Shell’s Bonga Spill and gas flaring.
Oil Pollution
On widespread oil pollution in the Niger Delta the groups said that once fertile wetlands have been transformed by the constant leaks into the world’s largest oil disaster even as they noted that between 2004 and 2007, spills from Shell facilities destroyed fish ponds and farmlands in the Bodo and Goi communities in Rivers State. In 2004, a major oil spill from the Trans-Niger pipeline which runs through Ogoniland to the Bonny Export Terminal destroyed livelihoods including fish-ponds, a poultry coop and a bakery belonging to Chief Barizaa Dooh, one of the plaintiffs in the case. Dooh’s community has been rendered completely uninhabitable. In 2005, the Oruma community in Bayelsa State also suffered a similar fate from Shell’s facility, which destroyed fish-ponds, farms and trees, losing their sources of livelihood. In the 2007 Ikot Ada oil spill case, the community suffered from pollution of their farmlands, ponds and community lands.
In response, ERA/FoEN and its sister organisation, the Netherlands-based Milieudefensie, took Shell to court in The Hague to seek environmental clean-up and compensation for the victims’ loss of livelihood, including destruction of farmlands and fish-ponds in the Goi, Oruma and Ikot Ada Udo communities.
UNEP Report
The groups also made reference to the assessment of Ogoniland prepared by UNEP and released on 4 August 2011, which showed hydrocarbon pollution in surface water throughout the creeks of Ogoniland up to 8 cm and in groundwater that feeds drinking wells at 41 sites, including a serious case at Nisisioken Ogale in Eleme, Rivers State. Soils were found to have been polluted with hydrocarbons up to a depth of five metres in 49 observed sites, while benzene, a known carcinogen, was found in drinking water at a level 900 times above World Health Organisation (WHO) acceptable levels.
Shell’s Bonga Spill
The Shell Bonga oil spill which occurred on 20 December 2011, during which 40,000 barrels of crude oil spilled into the Atlantic Ocean, was also cited. The communities alleged that harmful chemical dispersants such as Slickgone NS, Corexit 9500 and 9527 and Biosolve, among others, which Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Company Limited used to breakdown and disperse the spilled crude at Bonga field, in turn spread to the fishing areas, where they became the causes of the diseases afterward prevalent in the communities.
Common ailments affecting the communities included mental disorders; hypertension; eye irritations; nose, throat and skin lesions; vomiting and rectal bleeding; liver and kidney damage; short-term memory loss and confusion; respiratory problems; miscarriages; blood in urine.
Following this Bonga oil spill, the National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency (NOSDRA) imposed a $5 billion fine on Shell. The Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) Director General, Patrick Akpobolokemi, had earlier said at a public hearing organised by the House of Representatives Committee on Environment that the maritime agency calculated a total of $6.5 billion as compensation to be paid to the communities.
ERA/FoEN and Milieudefensie took Shell to court in The Hague, to seek environmental clean-up and compensation for the victims’ loss of livelihood, including destruction of farmlands and fish-ponds in the Goi, Oruma and Ikot Ada Udo communities.
Gas Flaring
In the petition, the groups also observed that gas flaring has continued unabated in the Niger Delta with Shell keeping almost 100 gas flares burning, day and night. They also pointed out that several studies pointing to the devastating effects of gas flaring on people and the environment were cited including a 2011 report which showed that gas flaring has had known effects on the Ogoni people and their environment such as noise pollution, itching and skin rashes, the discomfort generated by the light from the flare sites, black dust and soot that settle in people’s homes and on food and clothes thereby undermining the quality of life and the right of the people to live in a healthy environment in which to fulfill their potential.
Some of the very prominent impacts of gas flaring are acid rain, which acidifies the lakes and streams and damages crops and vegetation, and corrosion of roofs. It is also a known carcinogen which affects human health, including causing miscarriages and congenital malformations, increasing the frequency of respiratory illnesses and cancer, amongst other ailments that have sent hundreds to their early graves. Its sulphur leads to low farm yields, affecting the farming livelihood of the people.
To the issues identified, ERA/FoEN and CETIM demanded a binding mechanism be made uniformly applicable on a global scale, adding that the treaty should involve preventive measures covering environmental and human rights violations rather than the current ineffective manipulative compensation regime.
President Goodluck Jonathan of Nigeria has been asked to take urgent action to end the large scale environmental pollution in Ogoniland, a group of oil-producing communities that cuts across Kana, Gokana, Tai and Eleme local government areas (LGAs) in River State.
Goodluck Jonathan, President of Nigeria
Africa and Middle East Laureates of the Right Livelihood Foundation, who met recently in Cairo, Egypt, voiced their concerns about the ongoing land and sea degradation in Ogoniland and urged the Nigerian President to take action on the Ogoni UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) report, three years after it was submitted.
The 2011 report has shown, for instance, that “in at least 10 Ogoni communities where drinking water is contaminated with high levels of hydrocarbons, public health is seriously threatened”.
The Laureates urged Jonathan to take action on the “full implementation of the recommendations of the UNEP report” taking into consideration “effective participation of the Ogoni people in all stages relating to the restoration of their environment”.
Similarly, the Laureates called on the Congolese government to stop permitting oil exploration in the Virunga National Park, a World Heritage Site and home to around a quarter of the world’s population of endangered mountain gorillas.
Laureates sharing experiences during the regional conference
Though they endorsed the recent decision by British oil company, Soco International, to end its exploration work in the Park, they however feared that Soco’s withdrawal is not a total victory, describing the withdrawal as ambiguous, in the light of the fact that the company said it would complete its seismic survey in Lake Edward.
According to the Laureates, exploration licenses cover 80 per cent of the park and other companies may seek to develop resources in the Virunga. They called on the Congolese government to cancel Soco’s permit, to respect national laws and regulations outlawing oil exploration and extraction in protected areas, and to remove armed groups inside the park.
They also called on Soco to unambiguously give up its permit to explore within the park boundaries and to honour its commitment to respect all areas designated as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.
While demanding a paradigm shift in agriculture and management of natural resources, the 11 Laureates at the four-day conference, declared: “In our diverse struggles toward improving access to health care, ending impunity, and achieving food security and sustainable development, we recognise an overarching crisis afflicting the region. Corporate capture of governance in Africa is becoming increasingly prevalent in the areas of agriculture and the extractive industries, namely mining, oil, and gas.”
They also called upon African governments to “make investments into infrastructure, health and education, especially in rural communities.”
“The Laureates appealed to the heads of states and governments of the African Union to “develop and implement the roadmap for the needed transition towards Ecological Organic Agriculture as promised by the African Heads of States and Governments in the Decision on Organic Farming”.
Additionally, they requested that “national governments implement the Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and Food Security that was declared in 2000, and redirect ten percent of national budget allocation to Ecological Organic Agriculture”.
The forum brought the Laureates together to share their experiences and struggles in their different areas of work: from human rights to environmental protection, women’s health, ecologically and socially sound agriculture, as well as justice and community healing after violent conflict. The event was the second in a series of regional meetings of Right Livelihood Laureates.
Bassey
Director, Health of Mother Earth Foundation (HOMEF), Nnimmo Bassey, was one of the 11 Laureates at the conference. Bassey (RLA Laureate 2010) and late environmental rights activist, Ken Saro-Wiwa (RLA Laureate 1994), are awardees of the Right Livelihood Award Foundation.
The late Ken Saro-Wiwa
While Saro-Wiwa was decorated “for striving non-violently for civil, economic and environmental rights of his people,” Bassey was honored “for revealing the full ecological and human horrors of oil production and for his inspired work to strengthen the environmental movement in Nigeria and globally”.
Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) at the weekend in Montreal, Canada wrapped up a weeklong meeting on implementation with recommendations on, among others, resource mobilisation, technical and scientific cooperation, poverty eradication and sustainable development, enhancements to the structures and processes under the CBD and engagement with business, local governments and other stakeholders.
de Souza Dia
The recommendations agreed at the fifth meeting of the Ad Hoc open-ended Working Group on Review of Implementation of the Convention (WGRI5) will be taken up by the 12th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP-12), scheduled for the first two weeks of October 2014 in PyeongChang, Republic of Korea. Key recommendations from the Montreal meeting may be included in the package of decisions emerging from COP-12 – the so-called “PyeongChang Road Map” – to enhance implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 and its 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets, adopted by governments in 2010 at Nagoya, Japan.
“Parties worked hard this week to prepare for our work at COP-12, and have made progress in a number of areas that are key to enhanced implementation of the Convention,” said Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias, executive secretary for the Convention on Biological Diversity. “I believe we made progress towards the targets for resource mobilisation, with language now available that will be a good basis for further negotiations at COP.”
He added: “I am also pleased to see that Parties agreed on the urgency and importance of effectively including biodiversity in the proposed sustainable development goals currently under discussion at the United Nations General Assembly. Biodiversity for Sustainable Development is the theme of COP-12, and discussions to be held at the high level segment will contribute to the global agenda for sustainable development.”
The working group agreed to recommendations that brought together capacity development, technical and scientific cooperation, and better use of the Clearinghouse Mechanism (CHM), in ways that enhance effectiveness and usefulness and to enhance synergies in support of implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020.
Increasing the efficiency of structures and processes under the Convention and its Protocols was also an important agenda item. Parties recommended a consolidation of proceedings for subsequent meetings of the Conference of the Parties to the CBD and meetings of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to current and future protocols to the Convention. Further, the possibility of creating a subsidiary body on implementation, which would replace the WGRI, was also recommended.
The Working Group contributed to the integration of biodiversity in sustainable development and poverty eradication programs by recommending very clear and strong decisions to be considered by COP-12 for adoption. The Chennai Guidance will be a good tool for both biodiversity and development communities to work together to contribute to the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, in particular Aichi Biodiversity Targets 2 and 14.
Engagement with a variety of other actors was also discussed, with recommendations relating to business, international organizations, subnational and local governments, and the gender mainstreaming plan of the CBD, suggesting ways to enhance the contribution of these to implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, agreed for transmission to COP-12.
The WGRI5 is followed by the 18th meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA-18), which begins on Monday, June 23, 2014. Among others, SBSTTA-18 will present a draft of Global Biodiversity Outlook 4, which will provide a review of the status and trends of biodiversity, as well as a review of the state of implementation of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets.
The CBD, which opened for signature at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and entered into force in December 1993, is an international treaty for the conservation of biodiversity, the sustainable use of the components of biodiversity and the equitable sharing of the benefits derived from the use of genetic resources.
The 194-Party Convention seeks to address all threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services, including threats from climate change, through scientific assessments, the development of tools, incentives and processes, the transfer of technologies and good practices and the full and active involvement of relevant stakeholders including indigenous and local communities, youth, NGOs, women and the business community.
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety is a subsidiary agreement to the Convention. It seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology. To date, 166 countries plus the European Union have ratified the Cartagena Protocol.
Dangote Cement has explained that its current enlightenment on several radio stations across the country is to educate and inform the public on the benefits of using quality cement especially the new Dangote 42.5 3X Cement in their construction works.
According to Director, Sales & Marketing, South South Region of Dangote Cement, Chux Mogbolu, the public awareness became necessary as research has shown that most cement users in Nigeria cannot differentiate between the various grades of cement and their uses hence leading to application of lower cement grade where higher grade cement is should have been used.
Mogbolu, speaking during a radio programme on Delta Broadcasting Service (DBS) at Asaba, said that because of the abysmal level of knowledge among artisans, block makers, masons and other craftsmen in the building industry, use of 32.5 grade cement in blocking making and house building has resulted in several cases of building collapse.
Describing the qualities of the new 42.5 cement grade, he said that the grinding is better, smoother which makes it to expel pockets of air therefore preventing cracks in pillars, beams and other areas where it is used. Dangote Cement 42.5 3X public awareness campaign, he stated, is more of a corporate social responsibility project as the company is concerned with the spate of building collapse and the resulting loss of lives and properties.
The Director enjoined the public to always buy Dangote Cement, as they will be buying peace of mind and will build with peace of mind adding that the quality of products from the cement company ensures that customers always come back why the goods do not come back.
It will be recalled that, as part of efforts towards eliminating the menace of building collapse, the Standard Organisation of Nigeria (SON) embarked on the standardisation of the basic inputs in building and construction like Iron and steel, roofing materials. Having completed standardisation in other areas, the agency set out to review cement standard. It adopted a holistic approach as to ensure that standards are maintained in all spheres of the building process.
Following widespread protests over rampant building collapse, the regulatory agency took the commendable step of immediate response to review cement standards in the country. The technical committee of SON consulted widely with stakeholders from all sectors including the Nigeria Society of Engineers, COREN, universities, researchers, builders, block makers towards fashioning a suitable cement standard regime.
The stakeholders agreed to streamline cement types, with 42.5 cement for general purposes while 32.5 will now be restricted to plastering work. SON’s effort at reviewing cement type standard is commendable as it will restore sanity to the system.
IFC boosts investments in deluxe and 5-star hotels in Burma, Tanzania, Ethiopia and Zambia. It says its support to luxury shopping malls in Kenya and Nigeria is supposed to boost “food security”
The IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, has announced a $9.5 million investment in Jabi Lake Mall to support demand for modern business infrastructure and retail space in Abuja, Nigeria. The project will help create about 350 construction jobs and 900 long-term, retail-sector jobs.
The $120 million Jabi Lake Shopping Mall is being built on five hectares of land on the Jabi Lake waterfront at Jabi, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Once complete, it will be Nigeria’s largest shopping mall with over 30,000 square meters of shopping space. The project’s primary sponsor is the Actis Africa Real Estate Fund 2. Dual Properties is the joint venture partner alongside Actis.
Ms. Amanda Jean Baptiste, Director, Actis Africa Real Estate Fund 2, said, “Investing in the Jabs Lake Mall demonstrates Actis’s commitment to developing world-class retail destinations and adding to the domestic infrastructure in Nigeria, as well as our support for the growing demands of a rapidly changing economy. Our partnership with IFC will help us draw on their expertise in international best practice in the environmental and social aspects of the project that affect property development.”
Solomon Adegbie-Quaynor, IFC Country Manager for Nigeria, said, “Our investment is part of IFC’s strategy to help strengthen business infrastructure, contribute to economic growth, and increase job opportunities in Nigeria. Actis is a strong partner in this regard, that can also transfer best modern retail practices”.
Jabs Lake Mall will be the largest retail development of international standard in Abuja and create links to the local economy throughout its construction and operation. It will create new sales channels for Nigerian retailers, including local small and medium enterprises. Its construction will provide business opportunities for local suppliers of food, construction materials and services, and will serve as a catalyst for urban development in the area around the mall.
Construction began on the project in late 2013 and is expected to be completed in 2015.
The IFC is the largest global development institution focused exclusively on the private sector. Working with private enterprises in more than 100 countries, IFC uses its capital, expertise, and influence to help eliminate extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity. In FY13, its investments climbed to an all-time high of nearly $25 billion, leveraging the power of the private sector to create jobs and tackle the world’s most pressing development challenges.
Two migrants fall victim of the vagaries of extreme weather conditions in Lagos, where drought and floods have colluded to make life a hell on earth for residents. The main character in this story is the infamous downpour of Sunday, June 10, 2011
A flooded neighbourhood off Allen Avenue, Ikeja after the June 2011 rainfall
In July 2009, unemployed single mother of two children, Luisa Ono, ventured into rice faming after receiving a training on: “Rice for Job Project” by officials of the Lagos State Ministry of Agriculture, who enlightened participants on the supposedly lucrative business of cultivating Ofada Rice, and encouraged them to farm.
With her savings, she plunged into the business and was allocated one hectare of land to do the farming at Udena in Ogun State. Full of zeal and expectations, she brought in farm workers from Edo State to till the ground. Diligently, she followed all the stages advised by the agric officers, applying the herbicides, fertiliser and weeding at the directed time.
But she got what she did not bargain for: the rains were suddenly nowhere to be found and, unkindly, drought set in. The Agriculture Ministry officers, who apparently gave little tutorials in terms of the vagaries of weather, allegedly ignored pleas to help provide irrigation, such that the rice got blistered and led to an appalling harvest. The almost N300,000 invested in the venture went down the drain as there was not a single grain of rice to show for her effort.
But she was undeterred, she says, picking up the pieces of her life and she forged ahead.
Her words: “A year later, we were told to form a group of 10 farmers each and register with the Ministry of Agriculture for a World Bank grant under the Fadama Rice Farming Project. This was not without some financial implications and opening of bank account with contributions from the 10 of us, I being the only woman in this group. I spent up to N100,000 in contribution and all other expenses of transportation to the farm and meetings.”
According to Ono, members of the group were allocated six hectares of land, which they paid for. They likewise paid for the harrow, planting, herbicide and fertiliser, in an apparent bid to access the promised World Bank funding via the Lagos State Ministry of Agriculture.
But, alas, lightning struck the second time.
She says, “The 2010 farm yield again was poor due to limited rainfall and we did not realise anything from the rice farm and neither did we get the grant from the World Bank till date.”
Several kilometres away in Igbe, a farming community in Ikorodu unfolds a similar drama. Basil Oru, a peasant farmer, moans over the unsavoury scenario that has played out in recent years. He is one of the numerous migrant growers from the South-Eastern part of the country who have over the decades made Igbe their home. But the increasing temperatures along with the irregular rainfall pattern is affecting farm yield and threatening their source of livelihood, he discloses.
“The rain has not come and it is delaying the planting of certain crops whose cultivation coincides with the advent of the rainy season. The ripening of crops cultivated several months ago is also being delayed because of the late rainfall. And the heat is too much and it is affecting the plants and the soil. We are also losing our farmland because the land is being sold, in most cases without our knowledge, to people who wish to build homes and other commercial ventures,” Oru explains.
According to him, the state government has never come to their aid to alleviate their plight. He notes that some of his colleagues are forced to go into other ventures like riding okada (commercial motorcycle), working as security guards or trading, in order to make ends meet.
He stresses that, to adapt to the situation, he deals more in plantain cultivation, which he claims is resistant to harsh weather conditions. To complement this, he adds, he has shifted the farming site to swampy land, apparently because the soil there is still laden with moisture despite the drought condition upland on the conventional farmland.
Several weeks after this interview with him, Oru’s prayers were heard as the rains came, albeit intermittently. But that of Sunday, June 10 was unprecedented. It started at about 5.00am and poured continuously all through the day in torrents. Oru has stopped rejoicing for the rains he had prayed for; now, he is lamenting.
“A lot of the cassava I planted in March that is to be harvested in about 10-12 months’ time have become rotten due to too much water as a result of the flood that affected my farm. About one hectare and half of cassava farmland is affected,” he groans. “I am desperately trying to save over 100 plantain tress affected by flood, as the leaves are getting discoloured. I am currently creating a channel to drain away the flood water here.”
But Ono’s plight, it appears, is worse off. Smarting from her previous experiences, her house hunt had led her to a rented three-bedroom bungalow at Orisha in Magodo, where she has been residing since January.
She recalls “I prepared my children for church and off we went with our umbrellas. The rain increased its tempo from time to time and, at 2pm having waited for it to stop or abate to some reasonable extent but to no avail, I waded in with my two children, my church being some five minutes distance to Berger. We walked to the Ojodu-Berger Roundabout in search of transport. Commercial vehicles were unavailable due to the rain that had been falling incessantly. With only our heads and shoulders saved from the downpour because of our umbrella, we managed to engage a Keke Napep (commercial tricycle) who finally agreed to drop us at Orisha.
“On getting home, the rain continued. Meanwhile, my compound is situated down a hill and the house up the hill directly behind my compound four months ago built a gigantic fence. While the fence was being constructed, my landlord being an engineer approached the owner of the fence to utilise professional advice on the erection as that compound is known as a passage way for high speed water. He assured my landlord that the fence would have an opening for the water to find its way through.
“The owner of the fence had severally refused sound counsel on how to tackle the annual rush of water through his compound. He continued raising fences that block the passage way, thus leading to the collapse of these fences from time to time. These collapsed fences affect houses beneath, by falling close to them, sending debris or collapsing the sand on the hill and blocking doorways and windows of houses close to the section of the collapsed fence. All these I learnt after the incident as residents who came to the scene relayed their experience with the water and the fence.
“At 4pm that Sunday evening, I observed the intensity of the rain, the water from the top of the hill found openings at the sides of the fence, gushing out dangerously and digging chunks of sand that were falling close to my kitchen door and increasing the level of water to the kitchen steps. I watched dejectedly and made up my mind to move my family outside the bungalow as the water was going to flow in. I stepped inside the kitchen and bolted the door, placing rags under the door to control the rush of water and called out to my children to move over to the font of our home.
“While outside, I heard an ear-deafening and heavy crash, smash, breaking of glasses and mad rush of muddy water that rose inside the living room. The concrete fence had fallen against the house, crushed the sand beneath it, and pillars of concrete crashed into the house, smashed the kitchen iron door where I was standing minutes before and breaking glass windows and pouring in mud, water and dirt.
“I rushed to my bedroom to see to my important documents and certificates; boxes, beddings clothing, and everything was covered in thick mud flowing everywhere. The rain continued and the flood continued from the kitchen whose door had been destroyed by the concrete pillars protruding inside the house with iron rods and chunks of the concrete all over the floor. It was terrible.
“This incident took place between 5-6pm and neighbours could only come at about 8pm when the rain had subsided. We were advised to seek alternative shelter for the night. The whole compound apart from the front and the roof was covered with sand that extended to window and door levels and the gigantic fence broken into three huge boulders dangled on top of the sand posing further danger till now. My furniture, electronics, rug carpets, books and clothing, food items and kitchen utensils were all destroyed. These are replaceable items compared to our life and limbs that God protected. My laminated certificates I was able to clean and dry though sips of mud got into them.
“On Monday July 11, the Zone B Landlord Association in Orisha went up the hill to meet the owner of the fallen fence. He refused to come out and was rather mourning the loss of the fence he said he constructed with N2 million. Imagine!
“Up till now, nothing has been heard from the owner of the fence, even though my landlord has begun evacuating the sand with local labour and cracking the concrete behind to create access to the kitchen door that is twisted and suspended with sand and concrete. Subsequent rains make water from the hill to flow through the fallen fence directly through the open kitchen, into the living room, filling it up and sipping through the front door, bringing with it mud and dirt. We continue to bail water each time it rains. The owner of the fence stands each morning on the hill with his wife or visitors glancing down on his fallen fence and not a word of sympathy, or enquiry as to whether persons in the house are safe.”
Indeed, Ono is exasperated with her experiences in Lagos, and she desperately seeks some sort of succour. “I don’t know why I have become a victim of these incidents in Lagos State; I have just spent seven months in this house and would like to move out for safety of my life and children if I have the means. I want a safe haven free from violence and disasters.”
Environmental activist, Titilope Akosa, attributes the scenarios to extreme weather conditions as a result of global warming that, according to her, results in sea level rise, flooding, drought, storm surges, irregular rainfall pattern and rise in temperature in the state and beyond.
She says, “The current and potential impacts of climate change in Lagos indicate that the phenomenon will affect men and women differently and that climate change may likely exacerbate the existing gender inequality skewed against women. In Lagos, women constitute a significant proportion of people living below the poverty line; they constitute 41 percent compared to 59 percent men in formal public employment, they are under-represented in decision making positions and make up majority of subsistence farmers lacking access to and control of critical resources such as land, water and agricultural extension services.
“Ono is a typical example of the case of women’s vulnerability to climate change, which is also touching other issues like parenting because her ability to properly take care of her kids is seriously in doubt as a result of her current poor financial situation.”
In a reaction to Ono and Oru’s submissions, Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture, Yakub Olajide Basorun, says that he is unaware of the cases, even as he urges persons in such situations to make formal complaints to government. He adds that his officials provide complete information and assistance to farmers.
His words: “We give them technical, market and weather information to make them successful farmers. At Udena, we have a lot of farmers there growing rice successfully. It is not true that we don’t provide irrigation facilities. In fact, we provide everything that they require, and all they need to bring is their labour. Besides, the area falls within the Ogun-Osun River Basin, which is naturally flooded.”
Basorun notes that after such training programmes similar to the one Ono attended, government ends up selecting “those that meet the criteria.”
“But some withdraw afterwards when they are no longer able to cope with the realities on ground, thinking that it’s a bed of roses. But we have 200 people currently involved in the project.”
He emphasises that the ministry is currently intervening in a case involving migrant farmers like Oru elsewhere in the state. “Have the Igbe farmers come to government to make a complaint? Is the government aware of their problem? Of course, we are not. We are trying to solve a lot of problems related to flooding being encountered by migrant farmers like Oru and the one ongoing in Iba is a typical example.”
