Prolonged exposure to noise levels of 65 decibels (dB) or higher can lead to serious health issues, including increased risks of heart attacks, hypertension, and other cardiovascular problems, research shows.
As cities grow denser and traffic noise becomes more pervasive, the adverse effects of noise pollution become more pressing.
A recent analysis by Healthnews, which evaluated 434 cities in 30 European countries, highlights the scale of the problem. It reveals that 285 cities are impacted by road noise levels between 65–69 dB, affecting an average of 7.84% of their populations.
In cities like San Sebastian, Spain, a staggering 27.4% of residents endure noise levels that put their health at risk.
This makes noise pollution not just an environmental nuisance, but a widespread public health concern.
Healthnews’s analysis used data from the European Environment Agency (EEA), based on reports submitted under the Environmental Noise Directive (END).
The report used the Lden (Day-Evening-Night Level) metric, which averages noise exposure over 24 hours.
The most affected cities and countries
Among the cities most affected, San Sebastian, Spain, tops the list, with nearly a third of its residents exposed to harmful noise levels.
Italian cities like Messina and Terni also rank high, with 26.6% and 23% of their populations affected, respectively. These findings reflect a broader issue seen across Italy and Spain, where over 10% of residents in numerous cities live with dangerous road noise levels.
Larger nations, such as Germany and France, face an even greater number of affected residents, with over 2 million people exposed in each country.
Noise pollution unlikely to improve
Despite the growing problem, efforts to curb noise pollution are being made. Under the END, member states must create noise maps and develop action plans to reduce high noise levels. These measures include constructing noise barriers, using low-noise road surfaces, lowering speed limits, and promoting alternative transportation methods such as cycling and public transit.
However, the rapid urbanisation of cities often means that noise reduction is more about managing the situation rather than eliminating it. The increasing density of city populations and vehicle use makes it challenging to implement effective long-term solutions.
For many residents, particularly in the most affected cities, the issue of noise pollution remains a daily struggle. Without significant improvements, citizens are unlikely to experience quieter, healthier environments anytime soon.
